Engineering, Energy, Transport AIC

Posviatenko Eduard – Ph.D., Full Professor of the Department "Manufacturing, Repair and Materials Engineering " of the National Transport University (1, Mykhaila Omelianovycha-Pavlenka str., Kyiv, Ukraine, 01010, e-mail: natali1963@ukr.net, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6606-1365).
Budyak Ruslan – Ph.D., Associate Professor of the Department «Agricultural Engineering and Technical Service» of the Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (3, Solnychna str., Vinnytsia, Ukraine, 21008, e-mail: rusbudyak.vnau@gmail.com, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3633-7583)
Aksom Petro – Ph.D., Individual Entrepreneur, (8 V. Stusa Street, Mukachevo, 89600, Ukraine, e-mail: petro.aksom@gmail.com, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5270-6812)

The article considers the increase of machinability of austenitic steels by combining preliminary cold plastic deformation with the use of environmentally friendly lubricating and cooling fluids based on rapeseed oil. It is shown that by fusing plastic steels with a large amount of chromium, nickel and manganese, the Curie point can be reduced to room temperature. State diagrams of Fe - Mn and Fe - Cr - Ni systems after such transformations are considered. In the latter case, steels become suitable for products and technologies of the food industry, but they are difficult to process in mechanical technologies.
The study of steels 12Х15G9ND (AISI 201) is given; 08X18H10 (AISI 304); 110G13L (A128). A mathematical model of the object of study was developed, where the process factors were cold plastic deformation (COD), lubricating and cooling fluid (MPC) and cutting speed. The optimization parameters were the shrinkage of the chips and the length of contact of the latter with the front surface of the tool. The equation of the mathematical model is given.
A number of modern installations and methods of process research are described. Among the research methods, new ones are noted, in particular, methods of transverse compression, determination of the number of dislocations, spectral analysis, cutting of steels using MPAs of plant origin. The optimal brand of ecologically pure vegetable MPA is determined. It is rapeseed oil together with anti-emergency and anti-wear additives.
The main physical and mechanical characteristics of cutting austenitic steels in the context of the impact of HPD together with MPA are presented: friction force, normal force, contact stress, contact pressure, contact length, coefficient of friction, angles of action and shear. It is shown that HPD with coolant reduces the cutting temperature by 30 - 50 ºC, and the components of the cutting forces by 30 – 50%.
The effect of selected three main factors of the process on growth is studied. It is shown that the stress-strain state of the system "machined material - tool - chips" from the action of these factors approaches the specified state. That is, the intensity of growth decreases. The relationship between the main phenomena in the cutting of austenitic steels obtained in the study is presented.
It is established that medium temperature tempering in a protective environment should be recommended to restore the initial performance properties of austenitic steels. The final finishing operation can be processing with an elastic tool made of superhard materials.

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