Engineering, Energy, Transport AIC

Sergii Pavlenko – Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, senior research fellow of National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine (St. Heroiv Oborony, 15, Kyiv, Ukraine, 03041, e-mail: si.pavlenko17@gmail.com, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3352-5797).

The goal of the research was to increase the efficiency of compost production from organic raw materials of agroecosystems through the development and implementation of scientifically based complex technical and technological solutions under conditions of accelerated aerobic fermentation.
Four operating schemes of rotary drum-blade devices were chosen for research: single- and double-drum aerator, single- and double-drum PRT.
The interrelationship between the parameters of the mechanized composting process and the design of the working bodies for the purpose of ensuring the set tasks has been established. In general, the process of functioning of the working body is divided into three processes, which are performed in a complex: loosening (shredding) or separation of shavings (particles) from the total mass, mixing and molding of the edge.
The results of the experiments show better indicators of mixing quality and homogeneity for the M-shaped arrangement of the blades on the drum compared to the L-shaped one. The consumed power is less for the L-shaped arrangement of the blades. The conclusions are objective, regardless of the type of raw material and the height of the placement of the working body in relation to the side.
As a result of the conducted theoretical and experimental studies, rational options for the use of technical means of compost mixture preparation are substantiated. Under the condition of ensuring the maximum homogeneity of the compass mixture, the largest value of the edge structure index and the minimization of energy consumption:
– when processing chicken litter based on sunflower husk (ρ = 360–450 kg/t3, W = 32–44%, Mgran < 2123 t) it is advisable to use a device based on PRT-10 with one L-shaped working body;
– when processing chicken litter based on sunflower husks (ρ = 360–450 kg/t3, W = 32–44%, Mgran > 2123 t) it is advisable to use a device based on an aerator with two L-shaped working bodies;
– when processing chicken bedding straw cattle manure (ρ = 680–750 kg/ t3, W = 42–66%, Mgran < 2123 t) it is advisable to use a device based on PRT-10 with two L-shaped working bodies;
– when processing chicken bedding straw cattle manure (ρ = 680–750 kg/ t3, W = 42–66%, Mgran > 2123 t) it is advisable to use a device based on an aerator with one M-shaped working body.

[1]    Li, Z., Miito, G.J., Lim, T.T. (2020). Mixing-Vessel Composting System at a Large Swine Finishing Farm. Extension. University of Missouri, 12, 1–9. [in English].
[2]    Epstein, E. (2011). Industrial Composting. Environmental Engineering and Facilities Management. CRC Press. DOI: 10.1201/b10726. [in English].
[3]    Siles-Castellano, A.B., López-González, J.A., Jurado, M.M., Estrella-González, M.J., Suárez-Estrella, F., López, M.J. (2021). Compost Quality and Sanitation on Industrial Scale Composting of Municipal Solid Waste and Sewage Sludge. Appl. Sci, 11, 7525. DOI: 10.3390/app11167525. [in English].
[4]    Lyashenko, O.O., Movsesov, H.YE. (2007). Tekhnolohiya pryskorenoho biotermichnoho kompostuvahhya hnoyu z orhanichnym voloho pohlynalʹnymy vidkhodamy APK. Rekomendatsiyi. [Technology of accelerated biothermal composting of manure with organic moisture-absorbing agricultural waste. Recommendations]. Instytut mekhanizatsiyi tvarynnytstva UAAN. Zaporizhzhya: IMT UAAN. [in Ukrainian].
[5]    Linnyk, M.K., Senchuk, M.M. (2012). Tekhnolohiyi i tekhnichni zasoby vyrobnytstva ta vykorystannya orhanichnykh dobryv [Technologies and technical means of production and use of organic fertilizers]. PP Lysenko M. M. [in Ukrainian].
[6]    Holub, H.I., Kukharetsʹ, S.M., Marus, O.A., Pavlenko, S.I., Lopatʹko, K.H., Skorobohatov, D.V. (2017). Mekhaniko-tekhnolohichni osnovy protsesiv vyrobnytstva orhanichnoyi produktsiyi roslynnytstva. Monohrafiya. [Mechanical and technological bases of production processes of organic products of crop production]. NUBiP : Ukrayina. [in Ukrainian].
[7]    Golub, G., Pavlenko, S., Kukharets, S. (2017). Analytical research into the motion of organic mixture components during formation of compost clamps. Eastern-European gournal of Enterprise Technologies, 3/1 (87), 30–35. [in English].
[8]    Didukh, V.F. (2022). Tekhnika i tekhnolohiyi pryhotuvannya kompostiv [Techniques and technologies of compost preparation]. Protsesy, mashyny ta obladnannya ahropromyslovoho vyrobnytstva: problemy teoriyi ta praktyka. Materialy Mizhnarodnoyi naukovo-praktychnoyi konferentsiyi (Ternopilʹ, 29–30 veresnya 2022 r.), 11–15. [in Ukrainian].
[9]    Holub, H.A. (2007). Ahropromyslove vyrobnytstvo yistivnykh hrybiv. Mekhaniko-tekhnolohichni osnovy: monohrafiya. [Agro-industrial production of edible mushrooms. Mechanical and technological basics: monograph]. Kyyiv : Ahrarna nauka. [in Ukrainian].
[10]    Linnyk, M.K., Ruban, B. O. (2011). Shlyakhy vdoskonalennya tekhnolohiy ta tekhnichnykh zasobiv pererobky orhanichnykh vidkhodiv tvarynnytstva ta ptakhivnytstva v orhanichni dobryva. Pratsi Tavriysʹkoho derzhavnoho ahrotekhnolohichnoho universytetu, 11 (5), 10–16. [in Ukrainian].
[11]    Shevchenko, I.A., Lyashenko, O.O. (2008). Teoretychnyy analiz vplyvu konstruktyvnykh i rozmirnykh parametriv robochykh orhaniv na produktyvnistʹ kompostuvalʹnoyi mashyny [Theoretical analysis of the impact of structural and dimensional parameters of working bodies on the productivity of the composting machine]. Zb. nauk. pratsʹ «Mekhanizatsiya, ekolohizatsiya ta konvertatsiya biosyrovyny u tvarynnytstvi», 1 (1), 3–11. [in Ukrainian].
[12]    Shevchenko, I.A., Kharytonov, V.I., Aliyev E.B. (2011). Rezulʹtaty eksperymentalʹnykh doslidzhenʹ zmishuvacha-aeratora kompostiv [Results of experimental studies of compost mixer-aerator]. Zb. nauk. pratsʹ IMT NAAN «Mekhanizatsiya, ekolohizatsiya ta konvertatsiya biosyrovyny u tvarynnytstvi», 2(8), 80–88. [in Ukrainian].
[13]    Aliiev, E., Pavlenko, S., Aliieva, O., Morhun, O. (2021). Accelerated biothermal composting of manure-compost mixture. Agraarteadus, Journal of Agricultural Science, XXXII (2), 169–181. DOI: 10.15159/jas.21.30. [in English].
[14]    Aliiev, E., Pavlenko, S., Golub, G., Bielka, O. (2022). Research of mechanized process of organic waste composting. Agraarteadus, Journal of Agricultural Science, XXXIII (1), 21–32. DOI: 10.15159/jas.22.04. [in English].
[15]    Golub, G., Pavlenko, S., Kukharets, S. (2017). Analytical research into the motion of organic mixture components during formation of compost clamps. Eastern-European gournal of Enterprise Technologies, 3/1 (87), 30–35. [in English].
[16]    Holub, H.A., Pavlenko, S.I. (2016). Modelyuvannya protsesu rukhu kompostu po lopati barabanu pid chas rozpushuvannya burtiv [Modeling the process of movement of compost along the drum blade during loosening of the sides]. Konstruyuvannya, vyrobnytstvo ta ekspluatatsiya silʹsʹkohospodarsʹkykh mashyn. Zahalʹnoderzhavnyy mizhvidomchyy naukovo-tekhnichnyy zbirnyk, 46, 20–29. [in Ukrainian].
[17]    Pavlenko, S.I. (2016). Chyselʹne modelyuvannya protsesu zmishuvannya komponentiv hnoye-kompostnoyi sumishi lopatevym robochym orhanom [Numerical modeling of the process of mixing the components of the manure-compost mixture with a bladed working body]. Naukovyy visnyk Natsionalʹnoho universytetu bioresursiv i pryrodokorystuvannya Ukrayiny. Seriya: Tekhnika i enerhetyka APK, 254, 44–55. [in Ukrainian].