Technology, energy, agriculture transport AIC

Elchyn ALIIEV – Doctor of Technical Sciences, Senior Researcher, Professor of the Department of Technical Systems Engineering of Dnipro State Agrarian and Economic University (St. S. Efremova, 25, Dnipro, Ukraine, 49000, e-mail: aliev@meta.ua, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4006-8803). Dmytro MAKARENKO – Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Operation of Machine and Tractor Park of Dnipro State Agrarian and Economic University (Dnipro, Serhiy Efremov St., 25, e-mail: makarenko.d.o@dsau.dp.ua, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3166-6249)Artur LUTSENKO – student of the EPP «Agroengineering» of Dnipro State Agrarian and Economic University (Dnipro, Serhiy Efremov St., 25, e-mail: lutsenko.arthur.03@gmail.com, https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8075-5891).Volodymyr DOMANSKYI – postgraduate student of the EІP «Industrial Mechanical Engineering» of the Dnipro State Agrarian and Economic University (Dnipro, Serhiy Yefremov St., 25, e-mail: domanskijvolodimir554@gmail.com, https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3267-8265).

The efficiency of mineral fertilizer application largely depends on the uniformity of its distribution over the soil surface. Uneven spreading leads to reduced crop yields, fertilizer overuse, deterioration of soil ecological conditions, and inefficient use of resources. One of the most common technical means for surface application of granular fertilizers is the centrifugal spreader, the operation of which is based on complex dynamic processes of particle interaction with the distribution disc. The aim of the numerical simulation was to study the kinematics of mineral fertilizer particle motion during the operation of the centrifugal disc spreading mechanism, to determine the regularities of the formation of the spreading zone, and to assess the influence of design and operational parameters on the uniformity of fertilizer distribution. The paper presents the results of numerical modeling of the fertilizer spreading process by a centrifugal disc spreader. A physico-mathematical model of particle motion in a non-inertial reference frame was developed, taking into account the effects of centrifugal force, Coriolis force, gravity, and friction. A differential equation of particle motion along the vane of the distribution disc was obtained, allowing the determination of the particle exit velocity and angle depending on the geometric and kinematic parameters of the working body. Based on simulations in Simcenter Star-CCM+ and Wolfram Cloud, a three-dimensional analysis of granule trajectories and the distribution of particles on the field surface was carried out, and the influence of the machine travel speed, disc rotational speed, and outlet diameter on fertilizer spreading uniformity was determined. The obtained regression equations enabled optimization of the process parameters, determination of rational operating modes of the spreader, and the development of a table of optimal factor values. The research results can be used to improve the design of centrifugal spreaders, increase dosing accuracy, and ensure uniform fertilizer distribution under field conditions.

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