Technology, energy, agriculture transport AIC

Bandura Valentyna Mykolaiivna – candidate of technical sciences, professor of the department "Agroengineering and technical service" of the Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (3, Solnyschaya st., Vinnytsia, 21008, Ukraine, e-mail: bandura_3@ukr.net).
Popiak Oleksandr Hennadiiovych – postgraduate student of the Department of Agroengineering and Technical Services of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (3, Solnyschaya St., Vinnytsia, Ukraine, 21008).

The article reviews various techniques for mathematical modeling of the soybean drying process. The purpose of this paper is to review, analyze and compare existing approaches to mathematically describe the processes of moisture movement during microwave drying of soybeans. The only way to provide mathematical modeling of the processes occurring in the soybean grain is a combination of the transformation of microwave energy into heat, the heating of dipole water molecules existing in the seed, the processes of moving moisture from the center to the grain shell and evaporation of moisture. Today, microwave drying is one of the promising areas for research, because this method is much more efficient than traditional post-harvest grain drying methods and, at the same time, poorly understood. Factors on which the process of microwave drying depends on are the speed of movement of moisture in the micropores of the product, the initial temperature and humidity of the raw material, the placement of the main magnetron relative to the object of drying and the speed of movement of raw materials in the drying chamber. The object of the study in this article was to simplify the mathematical model of soybean seeds.
To intensify the process of microwave drying, it is advisable to use a combined effect, such as blowing, which increases the intensity and quality of the process of microwave dehumidification. In addition, in this case, the simultaneous use of two or more factors of influence, which allows for rapid processing of raw materials. This determines the relevance and prospects of this study. The developed criteria criterion is substantiated and described, which allows to simplify the complex calculation of microwave energy transfer processes, sample heating and moisture velocity in it.
The basic approaches to the construction of a mathematical model of the soybean drying process are considered, and their expediency is determined. The analysis of various methods of mathematical description of the drying process is carried out, the main disadvantages of these methods are identified. It is established that drying soybean seeds in the microwave field is one of the most promising. A mathematical model for a combined soybean drying process with a combination of microwave drying methods and air blowing is proposed.

[1]    Brodie, G., Jacob, M. V., Farrell, P. (2015). Microwave and Radio-Frequency Technologies in Agriculture. An Introduction for Agriculturalists and Engineers, Warsaw/Berlin: Published by De Gruyter. [in English].
[2]    Jayasanka, S. M. D. H. (2014). The significance of microwaves in the environment and its effect on plants. Environmental Reviews, (22), Issue 3, 220–228. [in English].
[3]    Li, Y., Zhang, T., Wu, C., Zhang, C. (2014). Intermittent microwave drying of wheat. Journal of Experimental Biology and Agricultural Sciences, (2), Issue 1, 32–36. [in English].
[4]    Puligundla, P. (2013). Potentials of Microwave Heating Technology for Select Food Processing Applications – a Brief Overview and Update. Journal of Food Processing & Technology, (4), 11. [in English].
[5]    Hoogenboom R., Wilms, T. F. A., Erdmenger, T., Schubert, U. S. (2009). Microwave-Assisted Chemistry: a Closer Look at Heating Efficiency. Australian Journal of Chemistry, (62), Issue 3, 236. [in English].
[6]    Kotov, B. I., Spirin, A. V., Zozuliak, I. A., Pivniuk, A. V. (2017) Rozrakhunok kinetyky sushinnia neodnoridnykh roslynnykh materialiv [Calculation of drying kinetics of inhomogeneous plant materials]. Tekhnika, enerhetyka, transport APK, 1(96), 96–99. [in Ukrainian].
[7]    Bandura, V. M., Yarovyi, I. I., Marenchenko, O. I., Pylypenko, Ye. O. (2018). Aparaty dlia sushinnia roslynnoi syrovyny elektromahnitnym polem [Apparatus for drying plant material with an electromagnetic field]. Naukovi pratsi Odeskoi natsionalnoi akademii kharchovykh tekhnolohii, (2), 123–129. [in Ukrainian].
[8]    Rudobashta, S. V. (2008). Ostsilliruyuschie rejimyi v tehnologiyah sushki nekotoryih rastitelnyih materialov [Oscillating modes in the drying technologies of some plant materials]. Tezisyi dokladov i soobscheniy : VI Minskiy mejdunar. forum po teplo- i massoobmenu. (pp. 36–37). Minsk [in Russian].
[9]    Volhusheva, N. V. (2005). Kinetyka sushinnia shchilnoho sharu dyspersnoho materialu (na prykladi hrechky) pry riznykh sposobakh pidvedennia teploty [Kinetics of drying a dense layer of dispersed material (on the example of buckwheat) under different methods of supplying heat], (Extended abstract of Candidate’s thesis). Odesa [in Ukrainian].
[10]    Kalynyn, L. H., Serdiuk, L. V., Ovsiannykova, L. K., Orlova, S. S. (1999) Effektivnost ispolzovaniya mikrovolnovoy energii dlya sushki semennogo zerna [Microwave Energy Efficiency for Drying Seeds]. Hranenie i pererabotka zerna, 2, 9–10. [in Russian].
[11]    Iusupova, H. H. (2003). Vliyanie elektromagnitnogo polya SVCH na mikroskopicheskie gribyi i ih metabolityi [The influence of the microwave electromagnetic field on microscopic fungi and their metabolites], Hranenie i pererabotka selhozsyirya, 12, 67–69. [in Russian].
[12]    Mujumdar, A. S., Kudra T. (2001). Progress in drying technologies. Boca Raton: CRC Press. [in English].
[13]    Arapov, V. M. (2000). Primenenie metodov derivatografii i YAMR k analizu protsessov sushki [Application of methods of derivatography and NMR to the analysis of drying processes], Problemyi protsessov i oborudovaniya pischevoy tehnologii: Mejvuz. sb. nauch. tr. SPb:SPb. gos. un-t nizkotemperaturn. i pisch. tehnol. (pp. 137–143). [in Russian].
[14]    Ginzburg, A. S. (1973). Osnovyi teorii i tehniki sushki pischevyih proizvodstv [Fundamentals of the theory and technique of drying food production]. Moscow: Pischevaya prom-st. [in Russian].
[15]    Lebedev, D. P., Perelman, T. L. (1973). Teplo- i massoobmen v protsessah sublimatsii v vakuume [Heat and mass transfer in sublimation processes in vacuum] Moscow: Energiya [in Russian].
[16]    Reshetin, O. L., Orlov, S. YU. (1998). Teoriya perenosa tepla i vlagi v kapillyarno-poristom tele [Theory of heat and moisture transfer in a capillary-porous body]. Jurnal tehnicheskoy fiziki, 2, 140–142. [in Russian].