Engineering, Energy, Transport AIC

Oleksandra TROKHANIAK – Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Mechanics of the National University of Bioresources and Nature Management of Ukraine (15 Heroiv Oborony St., Kyiv, Ukraine, 03041; e-mail: klendii_o@ukr.net, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4671-5824).

Vitalii YAROPUD – Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Dean of the Engineering and Technological Faculty of the Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (Sonyachna St., 3, Vinnytsia, Ukraine, 21008; e-mail: yaropud77@gmail.com, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0502-1356).

The article examines the damage and destruction of the fertile soil layer because of military operations, in particular the detonation of various types of explosive objects, and the level of contamination of agricultural soils with heavy metals and other harmful substances is studied. A method of restoring the surface of damaged lands due to bombing is proposed, which involves first cleaning the sinkholes from damaged and contaminated soil with heavy metals and other dangerous substances. If a dangerous concentration of heavy metals and other dangerous substances is detected on the surface of the funnel, then the removed contaminated layer of soil must be disposed of. During disposal of the removed contaminated soil layer, it is proposed to use a flexible screw conveyor with a sectional screw working body. The structural scheme of the experimental installation with the attachment system of the machine-tractor unit and a flexible screw conveyor is shown. The axial speed and power of transporting damaged and contaminated soil by the sectional working body of the screw conveyor along the curved route were determined. The calculation showed that the angular velocities of the adjacent sections are almost the same.
This study draws attention to the importance of soil condition monitoring after restoration works. Forecasting the possible environmental consequences of using the proposed methods is an important aspect to prevent further pollution. In addition, the results of the experiments can serve as a basis for the development of new cleaning technologies adapted to specific conditions. It is also important to take into account the impact of land restoration on the local ecosystem and agricultural practices, which can positively affect the restoration of soil fertility.    

1.    Electronic resource: Even the flight of a rocket affects the harvest." How war destroys Ukrainian soils. URL: https://www.rbc.ua/rus/news/navit-prolit-raketi-vplivae-urozhay-k-viyna-1715344389.html. (application date 07/14/2024). [in Ukrainian].
2.    Balyuk, S.A., Kucher, A.V., Solokha, M.O., Solovei, V.B., Smirnov, K.B., Momot, G.F., Levin, A.Ya. (2022). The influence of armed aggression and military actions on the current state of the soil cover, damage and loss assessment, restoration measures. Kharkiv: FOP Brovin O.V. [in Ukrainian].
3.    Kaminsky, V.F., Tkachenko, M.A., Kolomiets, M.P. (2023). Methodological recommendations for the restoration of agricultural lands disturbed as a result of military operations. Kyiv: NSC "IAE". [in Ukrainian].
4.    Electronic resource: How does war affect soil fertility and food quality? URL: https://ecoaction.org.ua/vijna-vplyvaie-na-grunty.html. (application date 07/14/2024). [in Ukrainian].
5.    Electronic resource: Examination of the eruption from the rocket in the Kyiv region. Retrieved from https://epl.org.ua/announces/obstezhennya-vyrvy-vid-rakety-v-kyyivskij-oblasti/. (application date 07/14/2024).  [in Ukrainian].
6.    Bulgakov, V.M., Holovach, I.V., Trokhaniak, O.M., Chernysh, O.M. (2023). Justification of innovative approaches to restoring the fertility of soils destroyed by military actions. XIV International Scientific and Practical Conference "Problems of Design, Production and Operation of Agricultural Machinery". Central Ukrainian National Technical University, 8-10, 122–124. [in Ukrainian].
7.    Electronic resource: To save the Ukrainian land. URL: https://www.epravda.com.ua/columns/2023/05/11/700021/. [in Ukrainian].
8.    Zaimenko, N.V. (2023). Soil protection and restoration in the post-war period: transcript of the speech at the session of the General Assembly of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. Bulletin of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, (5), 54–56. https://doi.org/10.15407/visn2023.05.054. [in Ukrainian].
9.    Iutynska, G.O. (2024). New comprehensive solutions for restoration of damaged soils: transcript of the speech at the session of the General Assembly of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. Bulletin of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, (5), 47–49. [in Ukrainian].
10.    Bulgakov, V., Aboltins, A., Ivanovs, S., Holovach, I., Nadykto, V., Beloev, H. (2020). A mathematical model of plane-parallel movement of the tractor aggregate modular type. Agriculture, 10 (10), 1–22. [in English].
11.    Bulgakov, V., Holovach, I., Klendii, M., Trokhaniak, O., Ihnatiev, Ye., Dubrovina, O. (2023). Experimental study of the driving resistance of a harrow with screw working bodies. International Scientific Journal "Mechanization in Agriculture & Conserving of the Resources", 3, 86–88. [in English].
12.    Electronic resource: Even the flight of a rocket affects the harvest." How war destroys Ukrainian soils. URL: https://www.rbc.ua/rus/news/navit-prolit-raketi-vplivae-urozhay-k-viyna-1715344389.html. (application date 07/14/2024). [in Ukrainian].
13.    Hevko, R.B., Rozum, R.I., Klendiy, O.M. (2016). Development of design and investigation of operation processes of loading pipes of screw conveyors. INMATEH: Agricultural engineering, 50(3), 89–96. [in English].
14.    Hevko, R.B., Klendiy, M.B., Klendii, O.M. (2016). Investigation of a transfer branch of a flexible screw conveyer. INMATEH: Agricultural Engineering, 48(1), 29–34. [in English].
15.    Hevko, R.B., Dzyura, V.O., Romanovsky, R.M. (2014). Mathematical model of the pneumatic-screw conveyor screw mechanism operation. INMATEH: Agricultural engineering, 44(3), 103–110. [in English].