Engineering, Energy, Transport AIC

Elchyn ALIIEV – Doctor of Technical Sciences, Senior Researcher, Professor of the Departments of Mechanization of Production Processes in Animal Husbandry of Dnipro State Agrarian and Economic University (St. S. Efremova, 25, Dnipro, Ukraine, 49000, e-mail: aliev@meta.ua, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4006-8803).

Petro BEZVERKHNIY – recipient of the third educational and scientific level of the Dnipro State Agrarian and Economic University (St. S. Efremova, 25, Dnipro, Ukraine, 49000, e-mail: bezverhnijpetro5@gmail.com, https://orcid.org/0009-0000- 0368-7870).

Volodymyr DUDIN – Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, head of the technical systems engineering department of  Dnipro State Agrarian and Economic University (St. S. Efremova, 25, Dnipro, Ukraine, 49000, e-mail: dudin.v.yu@dsau.dp.ua, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1414-7690).

Olha ALIIEVA – Doctor of Philosophy, researcher of the Department of Technical and Technological Support of Seed Production of the Institute of Oilseed Crops of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine (Instytutska St., 1, Sonyachne village, Zaporizhia District, Zaporizhia Region, 69055, e-mail: olya_alieva@meta.ua, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2766-7548).

The research is dedicated to improving the structural and technological parameters of pneumatic seeders, particularly the seed delivery system in John Deere 90 series seeders. It has been identified that existing designs have shortcomings, especially when using No-till, Strip-till, and Mini-till technologies, leading to uneven seeding and reduced yields. To enhance the efficiency of the crop seeding process, it is necessary to refine the design of the elements within the seed delivery system of the pneumatic seeder, including the seed decelerator, seed channel of the seeder shoe, and seed stabilizer, by employing well-founded structural and technological parameters that ensure precise seeding and by using materials that increase their durability.
The goal of the research was to optimize the structural parameters of the seed delivery system by developing and testing a new seed decelerator. Experimental studies were conducted using a laboratory setup that allows for variation in parameters such as air flow speed, seeder movement speed, seed injection speed, and the ratio of outlet areas to the inlet area of the seed decelerator.
As a result of the experimental studies, patterns of changes in air flow speed at the seeder shoe outlet, seed flow speed of rapeseed and peas, seeding rate, and accuracy (coefficient of variation) were established depending on the ratio of outlet areas to the inlet area of the seed decelerator, air flow speed at the inlet, seeder movement speed, and seed injection (dosing) speed. The results showed that increasing the air flow speed at the inlet leads to an increase in the flow speed at the outlet, which affects the seeding rate and accuracy. The seeder movement speed and seed injection speed significantly influence the seeding rate but may reduce accuracy.
A relationship was established between the number of holes in the seed decelerator (ε), seeder movement speed, and seeding rate, allowing for maximum seeding accuracy. The obtained equations will be used for the automated control system of the seed decelerator damper.

1.    Aulin, V.V., Chernovol, M.I., Pankov, A.O., Zamota, T.M., Panayotov, K.K. (2017). Sowing machines and systems based on the elements of fluidics. INMATEH – Agricultural Engineering, 53 (3), 21–28. URL: https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/158807029.pdf. [in English].
2.    Szczepaniak, J., Pawlowski, T., Rogacki, R., Wojciechowski, J., Dudziński, P. (2014). Mechatronic control system in a tilling-and-sowing combined machine. YEAR LX, 5, 22–24. URL: https://stumejournals.com/journals/am/2014/5/22.full.pdf. [in English].
3.    Xiong, D., Wu, M., Xie, W., Liu, R., Luo, H. (2021). Design and Experimental Study of the General Mechanical Pneumatic Combined Seed Metering Device. Appl. Sci., 11, 7223. DOI: 10.3390/app11167223. [in English].
4.    Liu, L J, Yang, H, Ma, S C. (2016). Experimental study on performance of pneumatic seeding system. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 9(6), 84–90. URL: https://www.ijabe.org/index.php/ijabe/article/view/2129/pdf. [in English].
5.    Johnston, M. United States Patent US 7,168,376 B2, Int. Cl. AOIC 7700 (2006.01). U.S. Cl 111A167: 111 f150. Seed boot for a seeding machine. Assignee: Deere & Company, Moline, IL (US). Appl. №.:10/632,370. Filed: Aug. 1, 2003. Date of Patent: Jan. 30, 2007. URL: https://patents.google.com/patent/US7168376B2/en. [in English].
6.    Kravtsov, A., Konovalov, V., Zaitsev, V., Petrov, A., Petrova, S. (2020). Results of seeder pneumatic system distributor and aero-product stream flow in the pipeline numerical studies. IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 422, 012111. DOI: 10.1088/1755-1315/422/1/012111. [in English].
7.    Needham Ag Technologies (2021). Product Guide. Research Product Sales Customer Service. North Calhoun. URL: https://store.needhamag.com/wp-content/uploads/Needham_Ag_2022_Product_Guide.pdf. [in English].
8.    Boiko, A., Popyk, P., Gerasymchuk, I., Bannyi, O., Gerasymchuk, N. (2018). Application of the new structural solutions in the seeders for precision sowing as a resource saving direction. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 5(1(95), 46–53. DOI: 10.15587/1729-4061.2018.142023. [in English].
9.    Koller, A.A. (2005). Design, performance prediction and validation of a seed orienting corn planter. Master of Science in Aerospace Engineering. Georgia Institute of Technology. Atlanta, GA. DOI: 10.13031/aim.20131620580. [in English].
10.    Turan, J., Višacki, V., Sedlar, A., Pantelić, S., Findura, P., Máchal, P., Mareček, J. (2015). Seeder with Diff erent Seeding Apparatus in Maize Sowing. Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, 63(1), 137–141. DOI: 10.11118/actaun201563010137. [in English].
11.    Girka, A.D., Tkalich, I.D., Sydorenko, Yu.Ya., Bochevar, O.V., Ilienko, O.V. (2018). Aktualʹni aspekty tekhnolohiyi vyroshchuvannya horokhu v umovakh Pivnichnoho Stepu Ukrayiny [Current aspects of the technology of growing peas in the conditions of the Northern Steppe of Ukraine]. Bulletin of Agrarian Science, 2 (779), 31–35. URL: https://agrovisnyk.com/pdf/ua_2018_02_05.pdf. [in Ukrainian].
12.    Polyakov, O.I., Nikitenko, O.V., Wendel, V.V. (2018). Vplyv mineralʹnoho zhyvlennya na produktyvnistʹ hirchytsi yaroyi za riznykh norm vysivu [The influence of mineral nutrition on the productivity of spring mustard under different sowing rates]. Scientific and technical bulletin of the Institute of Oil Crops of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, 26, 89–97. DOI: 10.36710/ioc-2018-26-10. [in Ukrainian].
13.    Singh Dhillon, G., Baarda, L., Gretzinger, M., Coles, K. (2022). Effect of precision planting and seeding rates on canola plant density and seed yield in southern Alberta. Canadian Journal of Plant Science. 102 (3), 698–709. DOI: 10.1139/cjps-2020-0186. [in English].
14.    Cao, H.Y., Wang, D.B., Shi, J.G., Zhu, K.L., Dong, S.T., Liu, P., Zhao, B., Zhang, J.W. (2015). Effects of sowing depth on seedling traits and root characteristics of summer maize. Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao, 26(8), 2397–404. [in English].
15.    Özköse, A. (2017). Effect of sowing depth on yield and some yield components of pea genotypes. Sakarya University Journal of Science, 21 (6), 1188–1200. DOI: 10.16984/saufenbilder.306457. [in English].
16.    Dozet, G., Đukić, V., Miladinov, Z., Cvijanović, G., Ranđelović, P., Todorović, M.J., Cvijanović, M. (2020). Sowing Depth – A Significant Factor for Establishing the Optimal Number of Plants Per Unit Area of Soybean. J. Agron Technol Eng Manag, 3(6), 516–522. URL: https://www.fimek.edu.rs/downloads/casopisi/jatem/issue/v3_6/03-(3)._Dozet_et_al_2020_3(6)_516-522.pdf. [in English].
17.    Aliiev, E.B., Bezverhnii, P.E. (2023). Doslidzhennya chynnykiv pohirshennya tochnosti vysivu pnevmatychnymy sivalkamy [Study of the factors of deterioration of sowing accuracy by pneumatic seed drills]. Engineering, Energy, Transport AIC, 2 (121), 51–61. DOI: 10.37128/2520-6168-2023-2-6. [in Ukrainian].
18.    Aliiev, E.B., Bezverhnii, P.E. (2022). Chyselʹne modelyuvannya spovilʹnyuvacha nasinnya pnevmatychnoyi sivalky tochnoho vysivu [Numerical modeling of the seed retarder of a pneumatic precision seed drill]. Design, production and operation of agricultural machines: National Technical University, Kropivnytskyi, 52: 86–98. DOI: 10.32515/2414-3820.2022.52.86-98. [in Ukrainian].