Engineering, Energy, Transport AIC

Serhiy Shargorodskiy – Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department "Machinery and Equipment of Agricultural Production" of the Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (3, Solnychna str., Vinnytsia, Ukraine, 21008, e-mail: sergey20@vsau.vin.ua, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2125-773X).

Dmutro Kondratuk – Postgraduate Student, Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (3, Solnychna str., Vinnytsia, Ukraine, 21008, e-mail: 1at15b.kondratiuk@gmail.com, https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3120-5162)

As stated in the humanitarian food program "Grain from Ukraine", launched by the President of Ukraine Volodymyr Zelenskyi: "The demand for agricultural products in the world is growing by 2-3% every year, and the shortage of grain on the markets of Africa and Asia may reach 10-15% already in 2024". Therefore, the issue of production of agricultural products is relevant today. As the analysis of the market of agricultural machinery shows, one of the directions of the development of the design of agricultural units is to increase the width of grip of tools for soil cultivation and plant care. The use of agricultural units with an increased working width has certain advantages:
- reduction of the number of passes of equipment on the ground;
- reduction of fuel consumption;
- reducing the negative impact of the unit on soil density.
Among the disadvantages of this type of aggregates should be attributed the increase in turning radii, as a result of the increase in width. It is possible to eliminate this shortcoming by quickly transferring the unit from the working position to the transport position and vice versa. To fulfill this task, a review of known designs of wide-grip aggregates was carried out. Known hydraulic drives for raising and lowering and folding and unfolding sections are considered. A kinematic diagram of the mechanism of rotation of the extreme section of the cultivator relative to the frame has been developed. Based on this calculation scheme, the reactions in the hinges were determined and the graphical dependencies of the mutual location of individual elements with respect to the angle of rotation φ were calculated. The existing hydraulic positioning mechanisms, which are equipped with chainless wide-grip machines and tools with articulated frames, do not provide the necessary maneuvering properties of MTA during their movement on the turning lane. Equipping hydroficated positioning mechanisms with follower stabilizing devices is a promising direction for improving hydraulic drives of machine-tractor units, which create prerequisites for reducing the turnaround time on the turning lane by selecting the parameters of the specified equipment.
The most important factor affecting the stability of the positioning of the sections of wide-grip machine-tractor units is the variable load that occurs on the hydraulic cylinder rod at the moment of turning the sections around the horizontal hinges at an angle of more than 90⸰, which causes inconsistency in the flows of the working fluid entering and leaving the hydraulic cylinder , which leads to the interruption of the flow in the cavity of the hydraulic cylinder, which is connected to the injection hydraulic line.

[1]    Syvolapov, V., Kyslyi, S., Marchenko, V. (2016). Yak pidvyshchyty produktyvnist mashynnykh ahrehativ. AGROEXPERT. URL : https://agroexpert.ua/ak-pidvisiti-produktivnist-masinnih-agregativ/. [in Ukrainian]
[2]    Nadykto, V., Kiurchev, V., Aiubov, A., Masalabov, V., Kistechok, O. (2019). Prospects for increasing the productivity of the machine-tractor unit. Scientific bulletin of Tavriyya State Agro-Technological University, 8(2). URL : https://oj.tsatu.edu.ua/index.php/visnik/article/view/2 [in Ukrainian]
[3]    Grain From Ukraine. Рrogram. URL : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grain_From_Ukraine_program
[4]    Gunko, I., Hraniak, V., Yaropud, V., Kupchuk, I., Rutkevych, V. (2021). Optical sensor of harmful air impurity concentration. Przegląd elektrotechniczny, 7 (97), 76–79. [in English].
[5]    Veselovska, N.R., Sharhorodskyi, S.A., Yashchuk, Ye.V. (2022). Eksperymentalne doslidzhennia roboty hidrostatychnoi transmisii typu HST-90 [Experimental study of the hydrostatic transmission of the HGST-90 type] Engineering, Energy, Transport AIC, 1 (111), 58–64. [in Ukrainian].
[6]    Ratushna, N., Mahmudov, I., Kokhno, A. (2007). Metodychni pidkhody do stvorennia novoi silskokhospodarskoi tekhniky u vidpovidnosti z vymohamy rynku naukoiemnoi produktsii [Methodical approaches to the creation of new agricultural machinery in accordance with the demands of the market of science-intensive products]. MOTROL, 9, 119–123. [in Ukrainian].
[7]    Ivanov, M.I., Hrechko, R.O. (2019). Doslidzhennia vplyvu ob`iemiv hidrolinii na robotu hidrostatychnoi transmisii typu HST90. Kompleksne zabezpechennia yakosti tekhnolohichnykh protsesiv ta system: materialy IX Mizhnarodnoi naukovo-praktychnoi konferentsii, 14-16 travnia 2019 roku. Chernihiv1. 232–233. [in Ukrainian].
[8]    Rutkеvych, V.S. (2017). Аdaptyvnyi hіdrаvlіchnyi pryvоd blоchnо-pоrtsіinоhо vіdоkrеmliuvаchа kоnsеrvоvаnоhо kоrmu [Adaptive hydraulic drive block-portable of canned forage block-batch separator]. Engineering, Energy, Transport AIC, 4 (99), 108–113. [in Ukrainian].
[9]    Sereda, L.P., Rutkevych, V.S., Ziniev, M.V. (2018). Doslidzhennia matematychnoi modeli hidropryvoda sehmentno-paltsevoho rizalnoho aparata kosarky [Study of the mathematical model of hydraulic drives segment-finger mower unit]. Engineering, Energy, Transport AIC, 1 (100), 111–123. [in Ukrainian].
[10]    Ivanov, M., Pereyaslavskyy, O., Shargorodskiy, S., Hrechko, R., Mazurenko, V., Holovko, S. (2021). Vibration resistance of  HST 90 hydrostatic transmission. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1741, 1–9. [in English].
[11]    Shаrhоrоdskyi, S.А., Rutkevych, V.S., Yshchuk, Ye.V. (2022). Matematychne modeliuvannia hidropryvoda perevedennia shyrokozakhvatnoho silshospodarskoho ahrehatu iz transportnoho polozhennia u roboche [Mathematical modeling of the hydraulic drive of the transfer of the wide-grip agricultural unit from the transport position to the working position]. Vibration in engineering and technology, 3 (106), 54–63. [In Ukrainian].
[12]    Ivanov, M.I., Rutkevych, V.S., Kolisnyk, O.M., Lisovoy, I.O. (2019). Research of the influence of the parameters of the block-portion separator on the adjustment range of speed of operating elements. INMATEH - Agricultural Engineering, 57 (1), 37–44. [in English].
[13]    Rutkevych, V., Kupchuk, I., Yaropud, V., Hraniak, V., Burlaka, S. (2022). Numerical simulation of the liquid distribution problem by an adaptive flow distributor. Przegląd Elektrotechniczny,  2 (98), 64–69. [in English].
[14]    Honcharuk, I., Kupchuk, I., Yaropud, V., Kravets, R., Burlaka, S., Hraniak, V., Poberezhets, Ju., Rutkevych, V. (2022). Mathematical modeling and creation of algorithms for analyzing the ranges of the amplitude-frequency response of a vibrating rotary crusher in the software Mathcad. Przegląd Elektrotechniczny, 98 (9), 14–20. [in English].