Technology, energy, agriculture transport AIC

Ihor KUDRIAVTSEV – recipient of the scientific degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the Dnipro State Agrarian and Economic University (St. S. Efremova, 25, Dnipro, Ukraine, 49000, e-mail: igorrabota898@gmail.com, https://orcid.org/ 0000-0002-9939-7014).

Sorting of grain and waste is a multifaceted, complex scientific and technical problem, which, depending on the task, has various solutions. Various methods of aerodynamic separation are used in many scientific works. Regarding the sorting of impurities and waste, it should be noted that the sorting of garbage, waste and by-products of some agricultural crops does not yet have an effective solution from the side of agricultural engineering.
The analysis of technological lines of cleaning and separation of seed material in the screening and fanning department of the oil extraction plant revealed the following shortcomings. The lines are not complex, which leads to the formation of a large amount of waste that can be used in the production of food and feed products, mineral fertilizers, fuel, etc. There is no equipment for extracting grain/oil impurities from garbage and waste, and for sorting them with rationally agreed mode parameters based on software. Increasing the productivity of lines is carried out by increasing the number of equipment, which reduces the coefficient of its use and requires additional power.
In order to solve these shortcomings, it is necessary to develop an aerodynamic separator that will improve the quality of the waste treatment of the sunflower seed mixture.
As a result of the first stage of numerical modeling of the process of separation of the components of the sunflower seed mixture waste in the pneumatic separating channel, the trajectories of the movement of its components were obtained. Processing of the simulation results in the Wolfram Cloud software package made it possible to calculate the second-order regression equation of the dependence of the horizontal flight distance of the components (sunflower husks and small particles) on the effective diameter, the speed of the supply of components and the speed of the air flow. Taking into account the accepted conditions for the efficiency of the separation process, the cross-section of the pneumatic separation channel is determined - a square with a side of 220 mm
As a result of the second stage of numerical modeling of the process of interaction between the waste streams of the seed mixture and air in the pneumatic separating channel, their visualization was obtained for various combinations of factors. Using the Wolfram Cloud software package, the second-order regression equation of the dependence of the content of sunflower kernels in the area of the kernel collector, the productivity of the separation process and the volume flow of air (the productivity of the air flow generator) on the height of the waste layer of the supplied sunflower seed mixture and the speed of the air flow was calculated. Taking into account the accepted conditions for the efficiency of the separation process, the rational design and technological parameters of the pneumatic separating channel of the aerodynamic separator are substantiated.

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