Issue №: 3 (130)
The journal solves the problems of creation and improvement of machinery and technologies for agriculture: 131 - Applied Mechanics, 132 - Materials Science, 133 - Industrial Engineering, 141 - Power Engineering, Electrical Engineering and Electromechanics, 208 - Agricultural Engineering
ANALYSIS OF TECHNICAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL EQUIPMENT FOR DETERMINING IMPURITIES IN SEED RAW MATERIALS
Stanislav MELNYK – postgraduate student Industrial mechanical engineering, Dnipro State Agrarian and Economic University, (St. Sergiy Efremov, 25, Dnipro, Ukraine, 49000, e-mail: stealths1978@gmail.com, https://orcid.org/ 0000-0002-8151-223X).
The article is dedicated to the development of technology and equipment for the reuse of waste and stimulation of its transformation into raw materials for other industries. The problems of laboratory determination of oil and grain impurities in grain are analyzed, and a set of impurity properties requiring further investigation is defined. Samples of laboratory equipment from leading manufacturers are reviewed, the main criteria of interaction between raw materials and the working environment are formulated, and the directions for the development of separation equipment are substantiated. It is shown that grain waste mixtures are characterized by stochasticity and the emergence of properties under conditions of an unstable working environment, which is manifested through fluctuations of airflow parameters, turbulence, and complex aerodynamic phenomena. These features require not only preliminary identification of fraction properties but also the implementation of measures for stabilizing the working environment during analysis. Based on the performed analysis, a laboratory sorting machine with vertical pneumatic separation is substantiated as the most rational solution. The proposed equipment should be equipped with automated control systems, an adaptive vibrating feeder with adjustable amplitude and frequency, a raw material deaerator, aspiration and dedusting units, antistatic inspection windows, and protective elements against reverse airflows. The main design concept is based on aggregation and modularity, which ensures adaptability to various types of raw materials and research tasks. A system of criteria for evaluating laboratory grain analyzers is proposed, including the availability of separation methods, absence of grain injury, possibility of process intensification, fractionation capability, automation level, and network integration. The implementation of the proposed solutions enables reduction of analysis time, improvement of accuracy and repeatability of results, and expansion of functional capabilities of laboratory equipment in grain processing and waste utilization technologies.
1. Zvarych, I. Ya. (2019). Implementation of the EU action plan in the sphere of circular economy. Scientific Bulletin of Uzhhorod National University. International Economic Relations and World Economy, 25(1), 93–98. Uzhhorod. [in Ukrainian].
2. Polyakov, O. I., & Shcherbak, A. D. (2022). Sunflower productivity under the influence of mineral fertilizers and growth regulators. Scientific and Technical Bulletin of the Institute of Oilseeds of the NAAS, 33, 111–122. DOI: https://doi.org/10.36710/IOC-2022-33-11 [in Ukrainian].
3. A national record for sunflower yield has been set. (2025, October 25). URL: https://agropravda.com/news/agrobiznes-life/13350-ustanovlen-nacionalnyj-rekord-urozhajnosti-podsolnechnika [in Ukrainian].
4. Tyvonchuk, Ya. A., & Dubinina, M. V. (2024). Assessment of sunflower seed production in Ukraine. In Food security of Ukraine in the context of war and post-war recovery: Global and national dimensions (pp. 292–294). Mykolaiv National Agrarian University. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31521/978-617-7149-78-0-95 [in Ukrainian].
5. International Seed Testing Association. (2025, November 1). International rules for seed testing. URL: https://www.seedtest.org/en/international-rules-for-seed-testing-rubric-3.html [in English].
6. State Enterprise “Ukrainian Research and Training Center for Standardization, Certification and Quality”. (2002). Seeds of agricultural crops. Methods for determining quality (DSTU 4138-2002). Kyiv. [in Ukrainian].
7. State Enterprise “Ukrainian Research and Training Center for Standardization, Certification and Quality”. (2019). Oilseeds. Methods for determining waste and oil impurities (DSTU 8837:2019). Kyiv. [in Ukrainian].
8. State Enterprise “Ukrainian Research and Training Center for Standardization, Certification and Quality”. (2019). Wheat. Technical conditions (DSTU 3768:2019). Kyiv. [in Ukrainian].
9. State Enterprise “Ukrainian Research and Training Center for Standardization, Certification and Quality”. (1998). Barley. Technical conditions (DSTU 3769-98). Kyiv. [in Ukrainian].
10. State Enterprise “Ukrainian Research and Training Center for Standardization, Certification and Quality”. (2006). Buckwheat. Technical specifications (DSTU 4524:2006). Kyiv. [in Ukrainian].
11. State Enterprise “Ukrainian Research and Training Center for Standardization, Certification and Quality”. (2009). Sunflower husks. Technical specifications (DSTU 7123:2009). Kyiv. [in Ukrainian].
12. Kudryavtsev, I. M. (2025). Justification of the design and technological parameters of an aerodynamic separator for cleaning sunflower seed mixture waste (PhD dissertation). Dnipro State Agrarian and Economic University. [in Ukrainian].
13. Mikhailov, E. V., Kyurchev, S. V., Kolodiy, O. S., Zadosna, N. O., Verkholantseva, V. O., Chernyshova, L. M., & Palyanychka, N. O. (2019). Technical means of post-harvest processing of sunflower seeds. FORWARD PRESS. [in Ukrainian].
14. Shevchenko, I., & Aliiev, E. (2018). Study of the process of calibration of confectionery sunflower seeds. Food Science and Technology, 12(4), 135–142. [in English].
15. Aliyev, E. B. (2020). Mechanical and technological foundations of the process of precision separation of sunflower seed material (Doctoral dissertation). Kharkiv. [in Ukrainian].
16. Aliyev, E. B. (Ed.). (2022). Technical and technological support for waste-free processing of grain raw materials into food products and feed. LIRA. [in Ukrainian].
17. State Enterprise “Ukrainian Research and Training Center for Standardization, Certification and Quality”. (2009). Sunflower. Technical specifications (DSTU 7011:2009). Kyiv. [in Ukrainian].
18. Stepanenko, S. P., Kotov, B. I., & Kalinichenko, R. A. (2021). Study of the movement of grain material particles in a vertical channel under the influence of air flow pulsations. Agricultural Machinery, 47, 25–36. DOI: https://doi.org/10.36910/acm.vi47.619 [in English].
19. WESTRUP. (2025, October 31). LA-HT spiral separator. URL: https://www.westrup.com/small-scale-machines [in English].
20. WESTRUP. (2025, October 31). LA-BG belt grader. URL: https://www.westrup.com/ru/small-scale-machines [in English].
21. HALDRUP. (2025, October 31). LT-15 laboratory thresher and cleaner. URL: https://en.haldrup.net/haldrup-products/haldrup-lab-machines/haldrup-lt-15/ [in English].
22. PFEUFFER. (n.d.). MLN sample cleaner. URL: https://www.pfeuffer.com/product/mln-sample-cleaner [in English].
23. CHOPIN Technologies. (2025, October 31). Lab separator NSP. URL: https://agroproekt.com.ua/grain-quality/nsp [in Ukrainian].
24. REITER Seed Processing. (2025, October 31). Laboratory precision aspirator RPA-120. URL: https://www.reiter-sp.com [in English].
25. RIELA. (2025, October 31). RF-14 pre-cleaner. URL: https://riela.de/en/products/cleaning-technology [in English].
26. HUICHUAN Heavy Industry. (2025, October 31). Live magnetic separator. URL: https://www.huichuanmachinery.com [in English].
27. MCC. (2025, October 31). Lilliput laboratory magnetic separator. URL: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/338836289_Alfalfa_seed_cleaning_using_a_magnetic_separator [in English].
28. SOLLAU. (2025, October 31). LSV laboratory high-intensity magnetic separator. URL: https://www.sollau-cz.com/lsv-laboratory-high-intensity-magnetic-separator [in English].
29. WESTRUP. (2025, October 31). LA-T indented cylinder. URL: https://www.westrup.com/small-scale-machines [in English].
30. HALDRUP. (2025, October 31). DC-20 densiometric cleaning and sorting column. URL: https://en.haldrup.net/haldrup-products/haldrup-lab-machines/haldrup-dc-20/ [in English].
31. OLIS. (2025, October 31). Lab separator OLISLAB 1100 (RLU-1). URL: https://olis.com.ua/osnashenie/ochischennya-zerna/rassev-rlu-1/ [in Ukrainian].
About journal
The magazine "Engineering, Energy, Transport AIC" is included in the list of scientific professional editions of Ukraine on technical sciences
(Category "Б", Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine dated 02.07.2020 №886)
According to the decision of National Council of Television and Radio Broadcasting of Ukraine from 25.04.2024 No. 1337 the scientific journal «Engineering, Energy, Transport AIC» has the ID of the Media R30-05173.
The journal "Engineering, Energy, Transport AIC" is indexed according to the following databases and catalogs:
Certificate of state registration of mass media: No. 21906-11806 P dated 03/12/2016.
Founder of the journal: Vinnytsia National Agrarian University
Type of publication: journal
Kind of publication: scientific
Publication status: domestic
Year of foundation: 1997
Periodicity: 4 times per year
Volume: 18-20 conv. print. sheet (А4)
ISSN: 2520-6168 (print version), (online version)
Language of publication: (mixed languages) Ukrainian, English
The sphere of distribution and category of readers: national, foreign, faculty, scientists, entrepreneurs.
The periodical edition is included to the List of scientific professional publications of Ukraine on technical sciences, approved by order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine in 05.16.2016, No. 515.
The journal "Engineering, Energy, Transport AIC" is included in the "Catalog of Ukrainian Publications".
Subscription to the journal can be issued in each post office. The subscription index is 99720.
Technology, energy, agriculture transport AIC is a scholarly professional journal with a long-standing history and stable academic tradition, reflecting the evolution of engineering and technical sciences within the agro-industrial sector of Ukraine.
The journal was founded in 1997 under the title Bulletin of Vinnytsia State Agricultural Institute. According to the Resolution of the Presidium of the Higher Attestation Commission of Ukraine dated September 11, 1997, the publication obtained the status of a professional scientific journal, which enabled the publication of the main results of doctoral and candidate dissertations in technical sciences. From its inception, the journal positioned itself as an academic platform for addressing current issues of mechanization, electrification, and technical support of agricultural production.
During 2001–2014, the journal was published under the title Proceedings of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University. Series: Technical Sciences (State Registration Certificate of Print Media KV No. 16644-5116 PR dated April 30, 2010). Throughout this period, a systematic approach to the selection and peer review of scientific manuscripts was established, the thematic scope of publications was expanded, and continuity of scientific directions as well as the development of sectoral engineering schools was ensured.
Since 2015, the journal has been published under its current title, Technology, energy, agriculture transport AIC (State Registration Certificate No. 21906-11806 R dated March 12, 2016). The change of title reflected the expansion of the journal’s thematic coverage and its orientation toward interdisciplinary research in mechanical engineering, energy systems, electrical engineering, transport technologies, automation, and digital solutions for the agro-industrial complex.
The journal consistently adheres to the principles of open science. All published materials are distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), ensuring open access to research results provided proper attribution to the authors and the original publication is maintained.
At present, Technology, energy, agriculture transport AIC is an authoritative professional scientific journal (Category B), providing a platform for the publication of fundamental and applied research results, promoting the integration of education, science, and industry, and contributing to the advancement of engineering and technological support of the agro-industrial complex of Ukraine.
