Issue №: 1 (128)
The journal solves the problems of creation and improvement of machinery and technologies for agriculture: 131 - Applied Mechanics, 132 - Materials Science, 133 - Industrial Engineering, 141 - Power Engineering, Electrical Engineering and Electromechanics, 208 - Agricultural Engineering.
RESULTS OF LABORATORY STUDIES ON THE PHYSICO-MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF CASTOR FRUITS AND SEEDS
Elchyn ALIIEV – Doctor of Technical Sciences, Senior Researcher, Professor of the Departments of Mechanization of Production Processes in Animal Husbandry of Dnipro State Agrarian and Economic University (St. S. Efremova, 25, Dnipro, Ukraine, 49000, e-mail: aliev@meta.ua, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4006-8803).
Valentyn HOLOVCHENKO – Recipient of the Third Educational and Scientific Level, Junior Research Associate of the Department of Technical Systems Engineering of Dnipro State Agrarian and Economic University (St. S. Efremova, 25, Dnipro, Ukraine, 49000, e-mail: golovchenkov@i.ua, https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9719-126X).
The aim of the study is to investigate the physicomechanical properties of castor fruits and seeds (Ricinus communis L.) to substantiate the design and technological parameters of machines and equipment intended for their extraction and cleaning.
Laboratory research on specialized equipment was conducted to determine the primary physical-mechanical properties of castor bean fruits and their components (segments, seeds, and capsule particles). These properties include geometric dimensions (length L and width B), mass M, bulk ρb and true ρd densities, angle of repose φ, friction coefficients (sliding μ' and static μ), and terminal velocity V. It was found that seeds exhibit the highest true density (567 ± 54 kg/m³) and the lowest friction coefficients, contributing to their superior flowability and mobility in technological processes. Fruits have the largest mass (1.18 ± 0.13 g) and terminal velocity (11.75 ± 1.43 m/s), influencing their cleaning and sorting methods. Capsule particles have the lowest density (101 ± 17 kg/m³) and terminal velocity (3.21 ± 0.51 m/s), allowing for effective separation using aerodynamic techniques. The results were applied in numerical modeling for a castor bean seed cleaning machine.
Rheological analysis of the compression behavior of castor bean fruits and seeds revealed a pronounced nonlinear dependence on time and absolute deformation. The deformation process of fruits involves multiple stages: an initial linear increase in force within elastic deformation, capsule cracking (Ff1 = 63.67 ± 3.52 N, Δxf1 = 3.32 ± 0.75 mm), slowing of force growth in the plastic phase, a sharp drop during capsule rupture (Ff2 = 172.96 ± 9.55 N, Δxf2 = 7.19 ± 0.79 mm), followed by a smooth increase in force during internal compression. A similar pattern is observed for seeds, but rupture (Fs2 = 48.91 ± 8.34 N, Δxs2 = 2.4 ± 0.62 mm) is accompanied by a sharp force decrease without a distinct plastic deformation phase. Statistical analysis confirmed that the force and deformation distributions conform to the normal distribution law.
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About journal
The magazine "Engineering, Energy, Transport AIC" is included in the list of scientific professional editions of Ukraine on technical sciences
(Category "Б", Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine dated 02.07.2020 №886)
According to the decision of National Council of Television and Radio Broadcasting of Ukraine from 25.04.2024 No. 1337 the scientific journal «Engineering, Energy, Transport AIC» has the ID of the Media R30-05173.
The journal "Engineering, Energy, Transport AIC" is indexed according to the following databases and catalogs:
Certificate of state registration of mass media: No. 21906-11806 P dated 03/12/2016.
Founder of the journal: Vinnytsia National Agrarian University
Type of publication: journal
Kind of publication: scientific
Publication status: domestic
Year of foundation: 1997
Periodicity: 4 times per year
Volume: 18-20 conv. print. sheet (А4)
ISSN: 2520-6168 (print version), (online version)
Language of publication: (mixed languages) Ukrainian, English
The sphere of distribution and category of readers: national, foreign, faculty, scientists, entrepreneurs.
The periodical edition is included to the List of scientific professional publications of Ukraine on technical sciences, approved by order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine in 05.16.2016, No. 515.
The journal "Engineering, Energy, Transport AIC" is included in the "Catalog of Ukrainian Publications".
Subscription to the journal can be issued in each post office. The subscription index is 99720.
Technology, energy, agriculture transport AIC is a scholarly professional journal with a long-standing history and stable academic tradition, reflecting the evolution of engineering and technical sciences within the agro-industrial sector of Ukraine.
The journal was founded in 1997 under the title Bulletin of Vinnytsia State Agricultural Institute. According to the Resolution of the Presidium of the Higher Attestation Commission of Ukraine dated September 11, 1997, the publication obtained the status of a professional scientific journal, which enabled the publication of the main results of doctoral and candidate dissertations in technical sciences. From its inception, the journal positioned itself as an academic platform for addressing current issues of mechanization, electrification, and technical support of agricultural production.
During 2001–2014, the journal was published under the title Proceedings of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University. Series: Technical Sciences (State Registration Certificate of Print Media KV No. 16644-5116 PR dated April 30, 2010). Throughout this period, a systematic approach to the selection and peer review of scientific manuscripts was established, the thematic scope of publications was expanded, and continuity of scientific directions as well as the development of sectoral engineering schools was ensured.
Since 2015, the journal has been published under its current title, Technology, energy, agriculture transport AIC (State Registration Certificate No. 21906-11806 R dated March 12, 2016). The change of title reflected the expansion of the journal’s thematic coverage and its orientation toward interdisciplinary research in mechanical engineering, energy systems, electrical engineering, transport technologies, automation, and digital solutions for the agro-industrial complex.
The journal consistently adheres to the principles of open science. All published materials are distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), ensuring open access to research results provided proper attribution to the authors and the original publication is maintained.
At present, Technology, energy, agriculture transport AIC is an authoritative professional scientific journal (Category B), providing a platform for the publication of fundamental and applied research results, promoting the integration of education, science, and industry, and contributing to the advancement of engineering and technological support of the agro-industrial complex of Ukraine.
