Technology, energy, agriculture transport AIC

Viktor ANISIMOV – Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor of the Department of Agricultural Engineering and Technical Service of the Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (3 Solnechnaya St, Vinnitsa, 21008, Ukraine, e-mail: anisimov@vsau.vin.ua, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3349-1630).
Vadym RYABOSHAPKA – Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Agricultural Engineering and Technical service of Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (3, Soniachna St., Vinnytsia, 21008, Ukraine, email: vadym@vsau.vin.ua, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1812-1030).
Andrii SHTUTS – Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Electric Power Engineering, Electrical Engineering and Electromechanics, Vinnitsa National Agrarian University (3, Solnechna str., Vinnitsa, 21008, Ukraine, email: shtuts1989@gmail.com, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4242-2100).
Roman LYSENKO – Postgraduate Student of the Department of Agricultural Engineering and Technical Service of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (3 Sunny Street, Vinnytsia, 21008, Ukraine, e-mail: romandmytrovich@gmail.com, https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9867-5581).

The study focuses on abrasive wear caused by dust particles in the air, fuel, and lubrication systems of diesel engines. The mechanisms of wear formation and development in each system were analyzed, as well as their impact on the durability of cylinder-piston assemblies, plunger pairs, injectors, and bearing units.
It was found that abrasive particles in the intake air are the main cause of cylinder and piston wear. To minimize these effects, improvements to air-cleaning systems were proposed through the use of multistage filters with increased efficiency and optimized geometry. In the fuel supply system, the presence of fine solid particles was shown to cause accelerated wear of precision components such as plunger pairs and injectors, emphasizing the need for highly efficient fuel filtration elements. In the lubrication system, oil contamination and additive degradation were identified as major contributors to accelerated wear of piston rings and crankshaft bearings. The use of high-quality lubricants and continuous monitoring of oil pressure were recommended as diagnostic tools for predicting component wear and the need for overhaul.
The analysis revealed significant potential for improving the reliability and service life of diesel engines by optimizing filtration systems, maintaining stable thermal conditions, and ensuring proper maintenance of cooling systems. The findings indicate that enhancing filtration, lubrication, and diagnostic systems in an integrated manner can substantially extend the durability of automotive and tractor diesel engines.
Additionally, the study provides a scientific basis for developing advanced maintenance and monitoring strategies aimed at preventing premature failures in internal combustion engines. The results can be applied to the design of adaptive diagnostic systems and the modernization of maintenance procedures for agricultural, construction, and transport machinery. The proposed approach contributes to reducing operational costs, improving environmental performance, and extending the sustainable operation period of diesel engines in various industries.The article presents the results of the applied research project “Development of the technical and technological support for a hybrid power supply system of livestock complexes with an adaptive control system” (№ 0125U000363).

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