Engineering, Energy, Transport AIC

Viktor ANISIMOV – Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor of the Department of Agricultural Engineering and Technical Service of the Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (3 Solnechnaya St, Vinnitsa, 21008, Ukraine, e-mail: anisimov@vsau.vin.ua, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3349-1630).
Vadym RYABOSHAPKA – Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Agricultural Engineering and Technical service of Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (3, Soniachna St., Vinnytsia, 21008, Ukraine, email: vadym@vsau.vin.ua, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1812-1030).
Roman LYSENKO – Postgraduate Student of the Department of Agricultural Engineering and Technical Service of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University (3 Sunny Street, Vinnytsia, 21008, Ukraine, e-mail: romandmytrovich@gmail.com, https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9867-5581).

The study focuses on abrasive wear caused by dust particles in the air, fuel, and lubrication systems of diesel engines. The mechanisms of wear formation and development in each system were analyzed, as well as their impact on the durability of cylinder-piston assemblies, plunger pairs, injectors, and bearing units.
It was found that abrasive particles in the intake air are the main cause of cylinder and piston wear. To minimize these effects, improvements to air-cleaning systems were proposed through the use of multistage filters with increased efficiency and optimized geometry. In the fuel supply system, the presence of fine solid particles was shown to cause accelerated wear of precision components such as plunger pairs and injectors, emphasizing the need for highly efficient fuel filtration elements. In the lubrication system, oil contamination and additive degradation were identified as major contributors to accelerated wear of piston rings and crankshaft bearings. The use of high-quality lubricants and continuous monitoring of oil pressure were recommended as diagnostic tools for predicting component wear and the need for overhaul.
The analysis revealed significant potential for improving the reliability and service life of diesel engines by optimizing filtration systems, maintaining stable thermal conditions, and ensuring proper maintenance of cooling systems. The findings indicate that enhancing filtration, lubrication, and diagnostic systems in an integrated manner can substantially extend the durability of automotive and tractor diesel engines.
Additionally, the study provides a scientific basis for developing advanced maintenance and monitoring strategies aimed at preventing premature failures in internal combustion engines. The results can be applied to the design of adaptive diagnostic systems and the modernization of maintenance procedures for agricultural, construction, and transport machinery. The proposed approach contributes to reducing operational costs, improving environmental performance, and extending the sustainable operation period of diesel engines in various industries.
This scientific paper presents the findings of the initiative research project № 0122U002187, carried out as part of ongoing investigations into improving the reliability and durability of diesel engines.

1.    Khytrov, I.O., & Havrysh, V.S. (2012). Remont mashyn i obladnannia [Repair of machines and equipment]. NUVGP. [in Ukrainian].
2.    Vasilevskyi, O.M., & Ihnatenko, O.H. (2013). Normuvannia pokaznykiv nadiinosti tekhnichnykh zasobiv [Standardization of reliability indicators of technical means]. VNTU. [in Ukrainian].
3.    Anisimov, V.F., Muzychuk, V.I., Piasetskyi, A.A., & Riaboshapka, V.B. (2012). Shliakhy i metody pidvyshchennia dovhovichnosti i nadiinosti roboty palyvnoi aparatury avtotraktornykh dvyhuniv [Ways and methods to increase the durability and reliability of fuel equipment for automotive and tractor engines]. VNAU. [in Ukrainian].
4.    Dziubak, T. (2024). Research into a two-stage filtration system of inlet air to the internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle. Energies, 17(24), 6295. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/en17246295. [in English].
5.    Modaqeq, T., Joia, R., Tulepov, M., Nurgaliuly, O. A., & Baimahankyzy, K. Z. (n.d.). An in-depth analysis of car air filters: Structure, function and operational mechanisms. European Journal of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, 3(1), 249–260. [in English].
6.    Ryaboshapka, V., & Melnyk, V. (2024). Reasons for wear of plunger pairs and increasing their durability due to the use of biofuel. Engineering, Energy, Transport AIC, 2(125), 99–104. [in English].
7.    Myroniuk, O., Shevchuk, V., & Paslavskyi, R. (2021). Doslidzhennia dvostupinchastoho filtra tonkoi ochystky dyzelnoho palnoho [Research of a two-stage fine diesel fuel filter]. Agroengineering Research: Bulletin of Lviv National Agrarian University, 25, 49–56. [in Ukrainian].
8.    Riaboshapka, V.B., Muzychuk, V.I., & Ivatsko, V.P. (2023). Pidvyshchennia dovhovichnosti plunzhernykh par palyvnoho nasosu vysokoho tysku dyzeliv za rakhunok vykorystannia biopalyva [Increasing the durability of plunger pairs of high-pressure fuel pumps of diesel engines due to the use of biofuel]. Vibratsii v tekhnitsi ta tekhnolohiiakh, 4(111), 81–87. [in Ukrainian].
9.    Anisimov, V.F., & Yelenych, A.P. (2021). Osoblyvosti konstruktsii palyvnoi aparatury ta zbilshennia terminu yii ekspluatatsii [Features of the design of fuel equipment and increasing its service life]. Engineering, Energy, Transport AIC, 2(113), 67–77. [in Ukrainian].
10.    Kyschun, V.A., & Muliarchuk, D.Yu. (2020). Vidnovlennia detalei pretseziinykh par palyvnykh forsunok Bosch z elektromahnitnym pryvodom [Restoration of parts of precision pairs of Bosch fuel injectors with an electromagnetic drive]. Modern Technologies in Mechanical Engineering and Transport, 2(15), 29–34. [in Ukrainian].
11.    Abramov, D.V., Teslya, V.O., Hupka, A.B., Sipravska, M.D. (2023). Vplyv pokaznykiv yakosti palyva ta tekhnichnyi stan avtomobilia pid chas rukhu [The influence of fuel quality indicators and the technical condition of the car while driving]. Central Ukrainian Scientific Bulletin. Technical Sciences, 8(39), 169–175. [in Ukrainian].
12.    John, F.D., Robert, N.B. (1998). Diesel engine and fuel system repair. Prentice Hall. [in English].
13.    Melnyk, Yu.V., Melnyk, A.L. (2021). Doslidzhennia nadiinosti roboty ta zasobiv diahnostuvannia tekhnichnoho stanu palyvnoi aparatury [Research of reliability of work and means of diagnostics of technical condition of fuel equipment]. Herald of Khmelnytskyi National University, 5(301), 115–118. [in Ukrainian].
14.    Martyniuk, A.V., Stechyshyn, M.S., Kharzhevskyi, V.O. (2021). Tekhnichnyi servis ta diahnostyka v ahropromyslovomu kompleksi [Technical service and diagnostics in the agro-industrial complex]. KhNU. [in Ukrainian].
15.    Vrublevskyi, O., Gonera, J., Napiórkowski, J. (2023). Precision diagnostics of a diesel engine under agricultural tractor operating conditions. Transport Problems, 18(2), 181–184. [in English].
16.    Sokolov, O.D., Mannapova, O.V. (2014). Dovhovichnist porshnevykh kilets DVZ [Durability of piston rings of internal combustion engines]. Odesa National Academy of Food Technologies. [in Ukrainian].
17.    Okocha, A.I., Antypenko, A.M. (1996). Palyvno-mastylni ta inshi ekspluatatsiini materialy [Fuels, lubricants and other operational materials]. Urozhai. [in Ukrainian].